Effectiveness of Happiness Training on the Pattern of Parent-Child Relationships and the Hope of Parents With Autistic Children

Objectives: Families of children with special needs face many problems. This study aimed to investigate happiness training on the pattern of parentchild relationships and the hope of parents with autistic children. Methods: Twentysix couples with autistic children who referred to Rafsanjan Autism Clinic, Rafsanjan City, Iran, were enrolled in the study by the census method. Informed consent was obtained from them. Then the parents completed the Schaefer and Edgerton ParentChild Interaction Questionnaire (1985) and Miller Hope Scale (1988). Next, parents were randomly assigned to the intervention or control groups. Happiness training based on the Fordyce method was performed for eight 1.5hour sessions per week for the intervention group. The parents of either group completed the questionnaires after training of the intervention group (about 2 months and 3 months later). The Chisquare test, independent ttest, and 2way repeatedmeasures ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: The results of the analysis showed that the changes in the scores of communication (P=0.013), acceptance (P=0.008), control (P=0.005), independence (P=0.040), aggressive nonattachment (P=0.015), and hope (P=0.010) were significant between the two groups at stages of measurement. The scores of all variables increased but the aggressive nonattachment decreased. Discussion: The education of happiness in Fordyce style influenced the interactive pattern of communication and hope of parents with autistic children. Therefore, training of happiness along with other services available to parents of autistic children can also be considered.