Isolation and identification of halophilic and extreme halophilic bacteria from saline water wetland ecosystems and determination of their enzymatic profile in Golestan province, Iran

The aim of this study was to isolate halophilic and extreme halophilic bacteria from Incheh Borun saline water ecosystems including Alagol, Almagol and Ajigol wetlands, Shamushk and Shafi Abad dams, as well as Incheh and Qarniaraq volcanoes in Golestan province. The activity of amylase, protease and lipase enzymes was compared in them. The samples were isolated for 4 months from different areas with different EC and pH of the mentioned wetlands, dams and volcanoes. A total of 70 different water samples were collected from aquatic ecosystems that were purified by culturing on selected media. According to biochemical tests, 41 isolates were able to grow in saline environments, of which 63.4% were halophiles, which were observed only in wetlands and another volcanoes 36.6% were halotolerant and were excluded from the results. Alagol wetland had the highest abundance in halophilic species. The enzymatic activity of halophiles for amylase, protease and lipase hydrolase showed that 34.6% of the isolates contained all three enzymes, which include all three groups of grampositive cocci, gram-positive and gram-negative bacilli. Comparison of enzymatic activity also showed that with the exception of two extreme species of Halophilus bacillus subtilis which were relatively slower in growth and had a longer period at the beginning and end of substrate application in culture medium, the rest of the isolates had almost the same range in growth time. They have the time of enzyme production and the time of completion of the substrate.