Review of the Clinical Applications of Trabecular Bone Score

Assessment of bone health is essential in many different diseases and conditions, including osteoporosis and fragility fracture.Although bone mineral density (BMD) has a well-established role in measuring bone quantity, it is unable to determine bone quality. Recently, the trabecular bone score (TBS) was developed as a valuable approach to determining bone quality by evaluating the microarchitecture of a bone. TBS data is of critical importance, particularly in conditions in which BMD is falsely elevated or has not yet decreased significantly. The current review has collected current evidence regarding the clinical applications of TBS in various disorders, such as osteoporosis, fracture, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and degenerative bone diseases.