ABNORMAL POST-OPERATIVE BLEEDING IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES UNDERGOING OPEN HEART SURGERY

Objective: To report the incidence of postoperative bleeding and to evaluate perioperative parameters andits relationship with the volume of blood loss blood transfusion requirement.Methodology: This was a retrospective study of 49 patients with congenital heart diseases undergoing openheart surgery developing abnormal post operative bleeding in Ibn Al-Bitar hospital for cardiac surgeryfrom January 1st, 2004 to December 31st, 2008, There were 29 males (59%), and 20 females (41%). Ageranged from 3-38 years with an average of 20 years. The study involved data obtained when the patientsarrived at the intensive care unit (ICU) and for the following 24 hours.Results: Young children, female gender, lower body weight surface area, cyanotic heart diseases, typesof procedures, longer time of CPB aortic clamping time, low temperature, type of oxygenator used inCPB (affinity), higher total intra- operative doses of heparin protamine, all were shown to significantlyincrease postoperative blood loss transfusion requirement. The incidence of postoperative bleeding was9.35%. Twelve percent needed reoperation to control hemorrhage. The morbidity was 24.3% and themortality was 4.1%.Conclusion: Factors that may contribute to increased blood loss and transfusion requirement include agebelow 10 years, female gender, low body weight and surface area, prolonged duration of CPB,hypothermia, preoperative anemia, and high doses of heparin protamine.