Simulation of Fraunhofer Diffraction for Plane Waves using Different Apertures

In this paper a two dimensional numerical simulation have been applied using MATLAB program for generating Fraunhofer diffraction pattern from different apertures. This pattern is applied for three types of apertures, including, circular, square, and rectangular functions, and it s could be generated any wavelength in the visible light. The studying demonstrated the capability and the efficiency of optical imaging systems to observe a point source at very long distance. The circular aperture shows better results across the shape of Fraunhofer pattern and optical transfer function (otf). Also, the minimum values of the normalized irradiance of different diffracted apertures have been computed at different dimensions of these apertures, and found that the smallest value belongs to the circular aperture and equal to (1.0×10^-8) at radius (R=60 pixel).