Comparative Investigation of Thyroid Autoantibodies Between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Baghdad City

The level of thyroid autoantibodies between type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Baghdad City were investigated. Fifty individuals (25 female and 25 male) with type-1 DM in the age group of 10 to 35 years and seventy (35 female and 35 male) of having type-2 DM in the age group of 33 to 60 years were investigated. A control group of twenty-five nondiabetes was included. Serum sample collected was used to estimate anti-TPO, TG and thyroid stimulating hormone antibodies (thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin TSI and thyrotropin binding inhibitory immunoglobulin TBII) by using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The results show that there is a significant (p 0.05) increase in the level of thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) in female patients with T1DM and T2M compared with control non-diabetes group. Furthermore, there is no significant (p 0.05) difference in the level of TPO-Ab and Tg-Ab in male patients with T1DM and T2DM compared with non-diabetes group. The results of this study also demonstrate that there is a significant (p 0.05) increase in the level of thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) in male patients with T1DM compared with control nondiabetes group. In addition, there is no significant (p 0.05) difference in the level of TSI in female patients with T1DM and male and female with T2DM compared with non-diabetes group. These results also illustrate that there is significant (p 0.05) increase in the level of thyrotropin binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) in female and male patients with T2DM compared with control non-diabetes group. Furthermore, there is no significant (p 0.05) difference in the level of TSI in female and male patients with T1DM compared with non-diabetes group. From this study, it concluded that the presence of antithyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies is helpful in predicting the development of autoimmune thyroid disorders, especially hypothyroidism. Subclinical hypothyroidism has a negative influence on lipid metabolism and it is an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction.