Phytohormones responses of Typha domingensis to some of environmental stresses in Baher Al-Najef /Iraq

This study has been conducted to assess and analyze the nature and environmental characteristics of Baher Al-Najaf Depression (BAND) and their effect on Phytohormones responses of Typha domingensis has been studied for 12 month in four different sites. Samples were collected monthly for the period February, 2015 to January 2016, taken from four selected sites in (BAND), Iraq.The environmental factors of water studied include : Temperature, Electrical Conductivity (E.C.), Salinity, Water pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Turbidity, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Hardness (T.H.), ions , Total Nitrogen (TN.), Total Phosphorus (TP.), Bicarbonate (HCO32-), Sulfate (SO42-), Chloride (Cl-1 ), and sodium (Na+1) ions. Results of water quality have proved the highest values of environmental factors were in Autumn and Summer while, least environmental factors were in Winter and Spring. Environmental factors were gradients significantly high at site as follows S2 S3 S4 S1. The studied factors of climate are : Air Temperature, Relative Humidity, Intensity of Solar Radiation , Precipitation Rates, Day Length and Evaporation Rate. Study has shown that climatic factors affected water resources and salinity level in (BAND) .Hormones play crucial roles in the plants response to environmental stress. In Winter (GA) and (Za) free contents enhanced to first response then (IAA) bound contents at Spring then (IAA) free contents in Summer at last (ABA) bound contents in Autumn as a gradual response to increase environmental factors stress. In general it can be use Phytohormones contents as indicator of environmental stresses . It is also possible for species adapted to these environments to be used as salt tolerant gene materials to enhance conventional crops during selection , breeding and improving environments.