Principles Of “I ‘Tibār Al-Maālāt” And “Murā ‘Āt AlKhushūshiyāt” And Their Contributions In Survival Of Ummah: A Study Of Maqasid Al-Syariah

The humanitarian issue is a major study in all Islamic research studies. Fiqh al-Nash and Fiqh al-Waqi’ are the two main studies in the studies of Islamic methodology. Fiqh al-Waqi’ focuses on how the strategy should be done to apply the laws of Nash to humans or mukallaf. This is why scholars are often expected to act as a bridge to negotiate human interests to the creator. Islam has since been aware that the laws of Allah will not be able to be applied without human survival. Therefore, Islam then establishes human survival as an essential part of Maqasid as-Syariah. This explains why Islamic laws, especially fatwas, must always consider the benefits of humanity that can guarantee its sustainability. This article seeks to identify how the knowledge of Maqasid al-Syariah works in controlling the survival of human and theories of Maqasid that touch human survival issues, especially the theories of “I‘tibār al-Maālāt” dan “Murā ‘āt al-Khushūshiyāt”. The first one simply means that every law application must consider the impact it will have on humanity while the second means that applications of Islamic law consider the realistic specifications of the people or humans who will accept the application of the law. The method used in this study is Library Research by exploring relevant theories through various literatures of Islamic laws and Maqasid al- Syariah. The empirical study finds that these two theories have contributed significantly to the survival of the teachings of Islamic laws.