Author/Authors :
TUSIEF, MUHAMMAD QAMAR University of Agriculture - Department of Fibre Technology, Pakistan. , SHAHBAZ, BABAR University of Agriculture - Department of Fibre Technology, Pakistan , NAWAZ, SHEIKH MUHAMMAD University of Agriculture - Department of Fibre Technology, Pakistan , RASHID, MUHAMMAD University of Agriculture - Department of Fibre Technology, Pakistan
Abstract :
Dyes are intensively coloured substances used for the coloration of various substrates. They are retained in these substances by physical adsorption or by the formation of covalent chemical bonds. The general reasons of using direct dyes for cellulosic fibers are their low costs and the simplicity of applications being water soluble. This paper endeavors to optimize the application of the direct black dyes, different dose levels, treatment temperatures and treatment time on the fabric for superlative results. The results revealed that all the above variants had non significant affect on the tear strength (warp and fill wise) of the denim fabric.
