Correlation between Metabolic Control and Periodontal Parameters in Diabetic Patients

Background and aims. Recent reports suggest that some of the risk factors for periodontal disease are similar to those of certain systemic diseases, and that periodontal disease itself may be a risk factor for some systemic diseases. Therefore, the present study investigated the association of markers of metabolic control and systemic inflammation in diabetics with the extent and severity of periodontal disease; in addition, the relative cardiovascular risk was evaluated in such patients. Materials and methods. A total of 50 known diabetic subjects participated in the study. Periodontal examination included a full-mouth assessment for bleeding on probing using sulcus bleeding index (SBI) and probing depths (PD). Blood analyses were carried out for glycosylated hemoglobin, (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipid profile. Results. Periodontal disease severity, in terms of SBI scores and PD, was found to be associated with inadequate glycemic control as measured by HbA1c. Similarly, increased probing depths were associated with increased CRP levels, total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, and triglycerides (P 0.05). Conclusion. The results suggest that patients with poorer glycemic control are at increased risk for periodontitis with an associated risk for cardiovascular disease.