Study of IL-10, IL-18 Polymorphisms in the Sulfur Agent Patients with and without Periodontitis

Background and aims. Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease. Varieties of microbial and environmental, as well as genetic factors are reported to influence risk for periodontitis. The present study sought to test the putative involvement of Il-10 and Il-18 gene polymorphism in pre-disposition to periodontitis in patients had exposure to chemical agent as a risk factor for periodontitis development. Materials and methods. In this retrospective cohort study, 82-chemical-injured patients selected according to inclusion criteria (lack of disease in soft and hard oral tissue, excluding dental caries or periodontal disease, free of orthodontic appliances, not received drug, non-smoker, and lack if systemic disease were examined with use of periodontitis clinical criteria (clinical attachment loss, probing depth, bleeding on probing) at periodontology department, dental clinic. Patients were assigned into two groups with periodontitis and without periodontitis. A blood sample (10 ml) of each participant was tested by use of polymerase and IL-10 and IL-18 polymorphism determined. Data were statistically analyzed using t-test by SPSS software to detect polymorphism and genetic differences between two groups. Results. The study showed that in patients with periodontitis A allele (64.4%) was occurred more frequently than G allele (35.6%) at position -1082 of the IL-10 gene, and susceptibility to periodontitis increases with presentation of A allele (P 0.05). In patients with periodontitis, C allele (57.7%) was more frequent than T allele (42.3%), and in healthy subjects, T allele (55%) was more frequent than C allele (45%) at position 819 of IL-10 gene. However, these differences were not significant (P 0.05). IL-18 gene polymorphisms were not statistically different between two groups. Conclusion. The study concluded that in chemical-injured subjects -1082 polymorphisms of the IL-10 gene were associated with periodontitis. IL-18 gene polymorphisms were not associated with destructive periodontal disease, but -819 polymorphisms of the IL-10 gene and IL-18 gene polymorphisms not associated. Exposure to chemical agents may affect predisposition to periodontitis development.