Experimental studies on the effect of water contaminants in convective boiling heat transfer

Experimental investigations on the influences of different contaminants to deionized water have been conducted under the sub-cooled flow boiling heat transfer inside the vertical annulus. Many experiments have been performed to investigate the influence of different operating parameters on the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient in the upward flow of contaminated water under the atmospheric pressure. The experimental apparatus provides the particular conditions to investigate the influence of heat flux (up to 132 kW/m^2), flow rate (1.5–3.5 l/min), sub-cooling level (Max. 30°C), and concentration of contaminants (1–5% by volume). According to the results, with increasing the heat flux and flow rate, the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient and rate of bubble formation significantly increase. Results also demonstrated that adding contaminants to the deionized water causes the flow boiling heat transfer coefficient to be deteriorated. Likewise, sub-cooling level may only influence on the onset of nucleate boiling and heat flux corresponding to beginning of nucleate boiling phenomenon which is called inception heat flux.