Effect in of L-Arginine on Some Biochemical and pathological parameter in diabetes mellitus induced by Alloxan-monohydrate in Rats

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of the amino acid (LArginine- Hcl) on serum (glucose, lipid profile and lipid peroxidation) and determine the protective effect of (L-Arginine-Hcl) on pathological changes in some body organs (Liver, Kidney) in alloxan induced diabetes rats. Forty eight mature male rats aged 10 weeks ,were randomly divided into four equal groups as follows 1st group diabetic group; 2nd group diabetic group treated with (L-Arginine-Hcl), 3ed group treated with (L-Arginine-Hcl) and 4th control group. After verifying the occurrence of diabetes in rats, the rats in second and third groups were daily injectedwith L-Arginine-Hcl (200mg/kg B.W) intraperitonealy, while first and fourth groups were daily injected with sterile distilled water intraperitonealy. All experimental parameters were carried out at days 20, 40 and 60 were the blood samples were collected from heart to make serological parameters (glucose level, lipid profile and MDA concentration) and section from Liver and Kidney were taken to observe the histopathological changes in different period. The diabetic signs were clearly observed in first group characterized by excessive thirst, frequent urination, and increase appetite, also first group showed significant increase (P 0.05) in serum glucose, lipid (TC, TG, LDL-C and VLDL-C) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) concentration. With significant decrease (P 0.05) in HDL-C concentration. Histopathological changes in first group showed mild to severe fatty changes with congestion in the liver. The kidney showed glomeruloseclerosis with increase thickness of mesangial cells compared with control group. In the other hand the second group showed normal signs compared with first group with a significant decrease (P 0.05) in serum glucose level at day 40, significant decrease (P 0.05) in serum TC and LDL-C at day 40. Also showed significant decrease (P 0.05) in TG and VLDL-C concentration at day 60 and showed significant increase in HDL-C at day 60 compared with first group, meanwhile the second group showed significant decrease (P 0.05) in lipid peroxidation (MDA) at day 60.While the histopathological study showed that the (Liver and Kidney) showed almost normal structures. In conclusion the L-Arginine has beneficial effect on normalization the hyperglycemia, regulate the dyslipemia and decrease the level of lipid peroxidation, also L-Arginine has a protective role to reduce the pathological complication accompanied with diabetic state.