“THE PLEASURE OF A THOUSAND SORROWS” - THE “O BELDE” OF AHMET HAŞİM: UTOPIA OR POETICS?

Utopia and anti-utopia, which are basically sociological terms, have taken their place in literature in terms of their fictional nature. The desire to create a imaginary space in utopia and anti-utopia, the tendency to make this space visible, reveals the necessity of considering these texts in the same plane as the real and the unreal. In this respect, when the fictional planes of literary texts are taken into consideration, it will be seen that this association applies to the literary text. As in world literature, it is possible to say that these utopian perceptions in Turkish literature were formed together with the Tanzimat. In general terms, it can be said that utopias, which are more suitable for novels and stories, have also been tried in poetry. However, it is very difficult to reflect the expected characteristics of utopias in the structural plane of poetry. The desires which were revealed as an escape theme in the period of Servet-i Fünun, where utopian perception was concentrated in poetry, were evaluated as utopian. As a poet of Fecr-i Âti, Ahmet Haşim has also revealed many texts pointing to these desires. The poem “O Belde” is the most remarkable of these texts. However, the fact that this text is directly considered a utopian text brings some problematic. Because the text includes the approaches of Ahmet Haşim about the art of poetry. In this context, it will be examined that the text can be evaluated outside these utopian perceptions.