Inovasi dan Kreativiti Dalam Rekabentuk Buku Teks Sekolah Menengah: Aplikasi Pendekatan Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM)

Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025 is the transformation of educational system to equip the individuals holistically, with the competitive, quality and integrated manner through the world-class education system. In order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of learning resources as outlined in the 2013-2025 Blueprint, the textbooks for secondary school should also be transformed in terms of quality, design and content organization.The implementation of innovation and creativity in the secondary school textbooks design are influenced by a number of indicators. Thus, in this paper, various indicators that influence innovation and creativity in the textbooks were identified from literature review and expert opinions. Interpretive Approach of Structural Modeling (ISM) was utilized to develop a structural relationship between different indicators in order to achieve innovation and creativity context in Malaysian secondary school textbook design. A total of 112 experts from all over Malaysia were involved in the development of the innovation and creativity design model for the secondary school textbooks via Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) approach. The findings of this study will provide the textbook author with a new design approach to develop the secondary school text book based on priorities.