Effects of auditory processing training on speech perception and brainstem plastisity in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders

Objective: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. A major problem of ASD is speech perception impairment in the presence of background noise. Additionally, researchers have reported temporal auditory processing impairment in patients with ASD. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of a temporal-based training program on improvement of speech perception in the presence of noise using the speech auditory brainstem response (sABR). Materials Methods: Twenty-eight adolescents with high functional ASD with the mean age of 14.35±1.86 years were randomly selected and divided into an ASD group (11 males and three females) and a control group (13 males and one female). All the subjects had a normal hearing and intelligence threshold and had no history of neurological disorder. A speech perception test was performed in signal-to-noise ratios of 0 and +10. The intervention group received a temporal processing based auditory training program, and the control group received a conventional training program. A P-value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results: After training, speech perception in the presence of noise was significantly higher (P 0.001) and the latency of all sABR waves was lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Improvement of speech perception in noisy environments and the reduced latency of sABR waves following a temporal processing based training program highlight the role of brainstem neural plasticity in speech processing.