Author/Authors :
Istadi, I. Diponegoro University, Kampus Undip - Laboratory of Energy and Process Engineering - Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Reaction Engineering and Catalysis Group, Indonesia , Anggoro, Didi D. Diponegoro University, Kampus Undip - Laboratory of Energy and Process Engineering - Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Reaction Engineering and Catalysis Group, Indonesia , Buchori, Luqman Diponegoro University, Kampus Undip - Laboratory of Energy and Process Engineering - Department of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Chemical Reaction Engineering and Catalysis Group, Indonesia , Utami, Inshani Diponegoro University, Kampus Undip - Laboratory of Energy and Process Engineering - Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Reaction Engineering and Catalysis Group, Indonesia , Solikhah, Roikhatus Diponegoro University, Kampus Undip - Laboratory of Energy and Process Engineering - Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Reaction Engineering and Catalysis Group, Indonesia
Abstract :
Among the possible renewable energy resources, diesel fuels derived from triglycerides of vegetable oils and animal fats have shown potential as substitutes for petroleum-based diesel fuels. The biodiesel could be produced from vegetable oils over homogeneous catalyst, heterogeneous catalyst, or enzymatic catalyst. In this study, the synthesized SO42-/ZnO catalyst was explored to be used in the heterogeneous biodiesel production by using the vegetable oils and methanol. The study began with the preparation of SO42-/ZnO catalyst followed by the transesterification reaction between vegetable oil with methanol. The independent variables (reaction time and the weight ratio of catalyst/oil) were optimized to obtain the optimum biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) yield. The results of this study showed that the acid catalyst SO42-/ZnO was potential to be used as catalyst for biodiesel production through heterogeneous transesterification of vegetable oils. Optimum operating condition for this catalytic reaction was the weight ratio of catalyst/oil of 8:1 and reaction time of 2.6 h with respect to 75.5 % yield of methyl ester products. The biodiesel product was also characterized to identify the respected fatty acid methyl ester components.
Keywords :
Biodiesel , super acid catalyst , palm oil , SO42 , , ZnO , fatty acid methyl ester
