Effects of Ultrasonic Waves on PTT Dyeing with Disperse Red 60 Dye

In the current study, disperse red 60 (DR60) dye was selected for dyeing of polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) under influence of ultrasonic radiation. For this purpose, the disperse dyes were placed under ultrasonic for 15-90 minutes and the measurements of some parameters including particle size, the influence of temperature, and time were investigated. The results illustrated that ultrasonic has a good effect to decrease particle size of the dye and the smallest particle size for the DR60 dye was obtained at the time of 45 minutes and the temperature of 20 °C. The adsorption process under ultrasonic irradiation was exhibited maximum efficiency of dye at the optimal conditions including adsorption temperature (80 °C), PTT amount (0.1 g), irradiation time (120 min), pH = 6, and initial dye concentration (40 ppm). All experiments indicate that ultrasonic has a significant effect on the adsorption of DR60 dye to PTT. As results show, the Nernst model was fitted properly to the experimental data in comparison to other isotherm models as presented. Furthermore, the achieved thermodynamic parameters including the negative value of ΔG (-0.85 to -1.58 kJ/mol) at all temperatures, positive values of ΔH (11.32 kJ/mo1) and ΔS (36.51 J/mol.K), indicate that adsorption of DR60 dye to PTT is spontaneous and endothermic in nature.