The Last Battle of the Ottoman State on the Palestine Front

Subsequent to the participation of the Ottoman State to the Axis Powers organized by Germany and entry into the First World War, the First and Second Canal Campaigns - under the command of the Minister of the Navy and Fourth Army Commander Ahmet Cemal Paşa - to regain Egypt by advancing to the Suez Canal and thereby cutting off King’s Road (India Road) while at the same time diverting the pressure exerted by the Allied Powers on Germany, resulted in defeat. following the British Army attack coordinated with the Arab uprising at Hecaz (Mecca and Medina) led by the Mecca Emir Şerif Huseyin and his sons Ali, Faysal, Abdullah and Zeyd, the Sinai peninsula gradually passed into Palestinian lands. The ‘Lightening Armies Group’ consisting at the beginning of the Fourth, Seventh and Eighth Armies and later, after the Treaty of Mondros the Second Army, were routed at the First, Second and Third Gaza Battles, the First and Second Şeria and the Nablus Field Battles and gradually withdrew to Gaza, Jerusalem, Nablus, Dera, Damascus and finally to Aleppo. Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk), Mustafa İsmet (İnönü), Mustafa Fevzi (Çakmak), Ali Fuat (Cebesoy), Refet (Bele) and Fahrettin (Altay) Pashas and the Ottoman corps that they led and which formed the cadre of the War of Independence against the occupation of Anatolia after the First World War, formed the majority of the army that fought against the British Army Commander General Allenby during the last phase of the Palestinian Front.Under the command of Mustafa Kemal Paşa, the Seventh Army went into history by stopping the assault of the combined British and Arab armies at Katma north of Aleppo on 26 October 1918 and which also marked the last battle fought on the Palestinian Front.