Phylogenetic analysis of canine parvovirus 2 subtypes from diarrheic dogs in Iran

Background: Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) causes gastroenteritis and leukopenia in dogs worldwide. They are three subtypes of CPV-2 including CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c. The distribution status of CPV-2 subtypes has been shown differences in many countries. Aims: The aim of the present study was detection and phylogenetic analysis of different subtypes of CPV-2 circulating in two provinces of Iran, Tehran and Alborz. Methods: CPV-2 was detected using 555 primer pairs in collected samples. Phylogenetic analysis of CPV-2 subtypes was done using sequencing of the partial length of VP2 gene. Results: Twenty-eight CPV-2 were detected using 555 primer pair. The sequences of isolates were deposited in the GenBank database. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all CPV-2c subtype isolates had very high sequence identity to China and Zambia that form a distinct cluster. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study revealed the emergence of all CPV-2 variants in dogs in Iran. Thus, the continual monitoring of CPV-2 in domestic dogs should be further conducted on a large scale to determine the predominant variants and their distributions in the country and to follow the dynamics of CPV-2 in the Middle East region of Asia.