Phytoremediation Technique in The Remediation of The Contaminated Lands

In recent years, environmental pollution has become a global problem due to developments in industry, mining, agriculture and other human activities. Among the environmental pollutants, heavy metals, pesticides, organic and radioactive wastes are important pollutants. Due to the complex behavior and relations of pollutants in contaminated lands, the cost of the remediation of these areas by physical and chemical methods is significantly high. Phytoremediation is a process the decontamination of polluted areas by using plants. Plants can clean their surrounding environment by taking up, accumulating, storing or degrading organic and inorganic pollutants. Thus, it is possible to restore and stabilize contaminated lands by this technique. Phytoremediation is more sustainable and cost-effective compared to other remediation methods. In addition, phytoremediation is considered to be a more environmentally friendly technique and effective in prevention of pollution of environments (through wind, rain and leaching to groundwater) surrounding contaminated lands.