The Effect of Solarization with Fresh Chicken Manure on Weed Density in Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia

The study was conducted on loamy-clay soil to evaluate the effects of fresh chicken manure and solarization on weed density in Dicle University experimental area during 2010 and 2011. The effects of 45 days solarization and the fertilize with chicken manure to the soil at the rate of 0 (Control), 6 and 12 kg/m2 and their combination on weed density were studied. The temperatures were measured with a which were placed at the 5, 10, 20 and 30 cm soil depths in plots. The temperatures were recorded as 9 , 11 and 16 C in the 6, 12 and 0 kg/m2 fresh chicken manure applied plots respectively and ?, 17 and 18 C in 6, 12 and 0 kg/m2 fresh chicken manure applied and solarized plots respectively. Maximum temperature increase was measured for 12 kg/m2 fresh chicken manure + solarization application where 12 oC at 10 and 20 cm depth and 10 oC at 30 cm of soil depth. Weed density (plant/m2) determined in two different time first has been performed right after solarization and the other was 6 months later. The number of weeds decreased by the application of fresh chicken manure. The combination of solarization significantly decreased weed densities (73%). Based on 6 month after application minimum weed density was recorded as 1.31 number per square meter for 12 kg/m2 fresh chicken manure + solarization. Weed density reduction was approximately 94% compare to the control plots. Solarization alone reduced 60% weed density comparing to the control. Results showed that before crop planting the application of fresh chicken manure will increase soil temperature and if it combine with solarization will enhance temperature thus weeds would not be able to germinate and grow.