Plant Tissue Culture for the Production of Secondary Metabolites

Many challenging are encountered during maintaining of secondary metabolites, which are used comprehensively, from plants under natural conditions. Main problems can be summed up as; being difficult and expensive of collecting of plants from natural flora, extinction of plants due to collecting plants from nature constantly, being affected of secondary metabolite quantity and quality because of climate conditions, synthesis of effective materials in plants in some development phases with very little quantity, possessing low succession about culturing plants, needing of broad farming areas on account of production of effective materials with high economical values. Due to these reasons limited production cannot compensate arising of using of natural materials enough because of changing of consumer’s demands. Biotechnological methods, especially plant cell and tissue cultures, seem as alternative method in production of secondary metabolites in order to solve these problems. Different in vitro applications are used in rising of secondary metabolites’ biosynthesis and accumulation. In this review, the information about systems which are used in synthesis of secondary metabolites with plant cell and tissue culture methods and applications which rises production are yielded.