General Situaition of The Primary School in Mentese Liva During The War (1916-1917)

The Tanzimat Period represents a great change for the Ottoman State and one of the areas affected by this change is education. For the first time with the Regulation of Public Education, which entered into force in 1869, a comprehensive arrangement was made in this area and the state has taken an important step in inspecting schools belonging to non-Muslims and foreigners, especially to official schools. The Ottoman administrators who gave great importance to the inspection of the schools in the following years, had made a separate effort to make the teachers more qualified beside the physical condition of the schools. As a consequence of these studies, the primary schools continued their existence as the main teaching institution providing education according to the new method until the collapse of the state. In this study, during the most trouble period of the Ottoman State, during the First World War, it will be informed about inspectors of the Ministry of Education inspect in primary schools in Mentese Liva and the matters they expressed in the inspection reports they sent to the ministry after this inspection. In the context of the inspection reports, it will be evaluated such matter physical conditions of schools, whether teachers are competent in terms of education and teaching, number of students in the schools and participation of students in classes, whether the lessons taught to schools are taught according to the curriculum, whether agricultural education is theoretically and practically applied, especially in schools in rural areas. This period has given great importance to the physical education of the children, depending on the state being in war and the need of the soldier, the inspectors also checked the work done for the physical exercise of the children during the inspection. Depending on this, information will be given briefly about the gurbuz organization practices in the reports and the status of these practices in the schools.