Author/Authors :
Islam, Mohammad Rashedul Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Faculty of Pharmacy - University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000 , Uddin, Mohammad Zashim Department of Botany - University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000 , Rahman, Mohammad Sharifur Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Faculty of Pharmacy - University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000 , Tutul, Ershad Department of Botany - University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000 , Rahman, Mohammed Zakiur Center for Biomedical Research - University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000 , Abul Hassan, Md Department of Botany - University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000 , Faiz, M.A Department of Medicine - Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka , Hossain, Moazzem Disease Control Unit - Directorate General of Health Services, Dhaka , Hussain, Maleeha National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh , Rashid, Mohammad Abdur Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Faculty of Pharmacy - University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000
Abstract :
The present study describes the ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and toxicological evaluations of Xanthium strumarium L. growing in Bangladesh. In toxicity evaluation on rats, the methanol extract of seedlings showed mortality, while both seedling and mature plant extracts raised the serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase values and produced significant abnormalities in the histopathology of liver and kidney of rats. On the other hand, the aqueous soluble fraction of methanol extract of mature plant (LC50 = 0.352 µg/mL) and methanol crude extract of seedlings (LC50 = 0.656 µg/mL) demonstrated significant toxicity in the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. A total of four compounds were purified and characterized as stigmasterol (1), 11-hydroxy-11-carboxy-4-oxo-1(5),2(Z)-xanthadien-12,8-olide (2), daucosterol (3) and lasidiol-10-anisate (4). The present study suggests that X. strumarium is toxic to animal
Keywords :
Bangladesh , Ethnobotanical , Xanthium strumarium, phytochemical, toxicological
