Title of article :
In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Luliconazole, Efinaconazole, and Nine Comparators Against Aspergillus and Candida Strains Isolated from Otomycosis
Author/Authors :
Shokoohi ، Gholamreza Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology - School of Medicine, Zoonosis Research Center - Jahrom University of Medical Sciences , Rouhi Sefidmazgi ، Reza , Etehadnezhad ، Mohammad Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology - School of Medicine, Zoonosis Research Center - Jahrom University of Medical Sciences , Ahmadi ، Bahram Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences - Faculty of Paramedical - Bushehr University of Medical Sciences , Javidnia ، Javad Department of Medical Mycology - School of Medicine, Student Research Committee - Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Nouripour-Sisakht ، Sadegh Medicinal Plants Research Center - Yasuj University of Medical Sciences , Hooshmand ، Farhang , Rezaei-Matehkolaei ، Ali Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute - Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Tabatabaeifar ، Nadia Department of Internal Medicine - Sina Hospital - Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Ansari ، Saham Department of Parasitology and Mycology - School of Medicine - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Abstract :
Background: Aspergillus and Candida species are the most commonly identified fungal pathogens in otomycosis. However, we usually encounter some difficulties in its treatment because many patients show resistance to antifungal agents and present a high recurrence rate. Objectives: The current research was conducted to compare the in vitro activities of luliconazole (LUL), and efinaconazole (EFN) and the nine comparators on Aspergillus and Candida strains isolated from otomycosis. Methods: The in vitro activities of nine common antifungal drugs (amphotericin B (AMB), voriconazole (VRC), fluconazole (FLU), itraconazole (ITC), ketoconazole (KTO), clotrimazole (CLO), nystatin (NYS), terbinafine (TRB), and caspofungin (CAS)) and two novel new azoles (LUL and EFN) against 108 clinical isolates of Aspergillus and Candida species obtained from otomycosis were assessed according to the CLSI broth microdilution document. Results: The LUL and EFN had the geometric mean minimum inhibitory concentrations (GM MICs) of 0.098 and 0.109 μg/mL against all Aspergillus strains, respectively. Furthermore, the GM MICs of all Candida isolates for LUL, EFN, CAS, CLO, VRC, AMB, ITC, KTO, FLU, NYS, and TRB were calculated to be 0.133, 0.144, 0.194, 0.219, 0.475, 0.537, 0.655, 1.277, 4.905, 9.372, and 13.592 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, 6 (35.29%), 2 (11.7%), and 1 (5.88%) Candida isolates were resistant to FLU, CAS, and VRC, respectively. Conclusions: As the findings indicated, LUL and EFN showed the lowest GM MIC values against the examined species. Accordingly, these novel imidazole and triazole antifungal agents can be regarded as proper candidates for the treatment of otomycosis caused by Aspergillus and Candida strains
Keywords :
Otomycosis , Antifungal Susceptibility , Efinaconazole , Luliconazole
