PLFA-FAME Changes During Bioremediation of Crude Oil Contamination Soil

This study aims to develop certain perspectives based on the principle of on-site remediation of the soil through biological means which is known as bioremediation against soil pollution issues resulting from fuel contamination in our country and to reveal the fatty acid profile in the final soils. The fatty acid profile of the soils were pointed out by testing the activity of three basic bioremediation applications (biological multiplication, biological excitation and the combinedapplication of these two approaches) established in the laboratory environment for this aim. Underbiological multiplication applications, 6 strains of bacteria were selected which exhibit the highestgrowth in crude oil environment isolated from oil-contaminated soils of Adana, Batman andAdıyaman and which have the highest levels of crude oil degradation. (Pseudomons aeruginosa,Pseudomonas putida biotype A, Citrobacter amalonaticus-GC subgroup A, Acinetobacter genomospecies). Under biological excitation applications, the organic materials being humic-fulvic acid and, in combined applications, different combinations of bacteria mixture and organic materials were examined as to the amount of crude oil they degrade in an incubation period of 120 days by qualitative hydrocarbon-type analyses. The highest level of oil degradation, being %56, occurred under biological multiplication applications where the bacteria mixture was applied. Under biological excitation conditions where various organic materials were applied to the contaminated soil, degradation to %18 was observed. In combined applications, oil degradation was achieved to %30. In unpolluted and oil-contaminated soils, max. 15:0 iso, 15:0 anteiso, 16:0, 16:1 w7c, 17:0ai, 18:2w6,9, 18:1w9c fatty acids were detected. Because the fatty acid 18:1w9c exhibited high levels, we may emphasize that it is a fatty acid typical to the bacteria Pseudomonas spp. It was determined that the levels of the fatty acid 15:0 anteiso is higher in oil-contaminated soils than in unpolluted soils. We may emphasize that the existence of gram positive bacteria increases in oil-contaminated environment.