Author/Authors :
Kheyrandish, Ali Department of Motor Behavior - Faculty of Sports Science - Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad , Saberi Kakhki, Alireza Department of Motor Behavior - Faculty of Sports Science - Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad , Taheri, Hamidreza Department of Motor Behavior - Faculty of Sports Science - Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad
Abstract :
Background. The No Return Point hypothesis is one of the research areas that has been done in line with the motor
program. In this hypothesis emphasized an inability to inhibition move after its start by the motor program. Several
factors are affecting the mechanism of this inhibition. Objectives. In this study, we investigate the effects of audio and
visual stimuli on blocking quick moves to test the No Return Point hypothesis. In the final part of the study, we explore
the effects of the assignment based on tests conducted by Slater & Hammel, who first began to test this hypothesis.
Methods. In this study, 40 male participants (age 23-29) were selected and organized in four different groups, i.e.,
digital- visual stimulus, an auditory stimulus, visual and auditory stimuli, and visual stimulus with an analog pattern
that simulated the Slater and Hamel’s experiment. Each of these groups practiced different stop-signal and did a
retention test. We used RMSE for statistical analysis. Results. The results showed that the reaction speed of the audio
group is considerably faster than other groups (sig = 0.00028, p < 0.05). It was also found that the motor program is
active in a period before and after the target (stop) time, and it seems that this process is independent of the type of
stimuli and assignment (p < 0.05). Besides, it was found that the reported time for Slater and Hamel test is 210 MS in
this experiment. In other words, participants were not able to stop motion for the announced stop time for around 210
Ms.; however, it was not observed for all the groups. Conclusion. Based on the result, participants were significantly
dependent on the assignment (p < 0.05). Moreover, this dependency can affect the result. It seems in that study time
providing achieved relying on the types of tasks used, and the type of the variable used to measure the statistical have
been impressive on the results. Thus, the results of the Slater and Hamel experiments should be analyzed with caution.
It seems that the announced time in that research (Slater and Hemel) is based on the employed assignment type, and
the variable type for statistical analysis was influencing the results. Thus, not only the motion stop time in response to
the stop stimuli is different, but also these times are significantly dependent on the stimuli and test condition
