Physicochemical, bacteriological and ecotoxicological characterization of the leachate of the FkihBen Salah landfill (Morocco)

The composition of landfill leachates is very complex and varied according to waste composition, length of stay, age of discharge and climatic conditions. In the event of uncontrolled landfill and lack of treatments, leachates can lead to environmental pollution due to their pathogenic microbiological load and toxic substances. The objective of our work is to study the ecotoxicological effect of leachates from the Fkih Ben Salah landfill on the survival of the Mytilusgalloprovincialis mussel using the Kaplan-Meir method to calculate the probability of survival and duration of survival of mussels exposed to leachate from this landfill. The parameters taken into account for this study are mainly microbial load (total and fecal coliforms) and trace metals (Fe, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni). The results of the comparison of the probability of survival of uncontaminated mussels and those treated by leachates (C1 = 5/1000 and C2 = 10/1000) show a real ecotoxicological risk on the survival of mussel studied; respectively, of the mean survival probabilities (for March, April and May 2016) of 0.8, 0.3 and 0.4.