Myeloid Sarcoma Presenting as Rectosigmoid Tumour: A Case Report

Myeloid Sarcoma (MS) or extramedullary myeloid tumor is a rare tumor affecting the skin, lymph node, and any part of the body except the bone marrow. MS may present differently depending on the site of involvement. A 61-year-old male with a known case of chronic myeloid leukemia presented to the emergency department of a district hospital with per rectal bleeding for two days. Examination revealed haematochezia with no evidence of rectal tumor. Hyperleukocytosis was noted from the blood investigation. Colonoscopy was performed, which revealed the rectosigmoid tumor. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma. The patient was subsequently referred to a hematologist in a tertiary hospital for further care. MS may present a diagnostic challenge as it may present nonspecific symptoms depending on the site of involvement. Awareness of this condition is essential; thus, diagnosis and treatment can be initiated earlier.