Author/Authors :
Khoshrang, Hossein Anesthesiology Research Center - Department of Anesthesiology - Alzahra Hospital- Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht , Emir Alavi, Cyrus Anesthesiology Research Center - Department of Anesthesiology - Alzahra Hospital- Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht , Rimaz, Siamak Anesthesiology Research Center - Department of Anesthesiology - Alzahra Hospital- Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht , Mirmansouri, Ali Anesthesiology Research Center - Department of Anesthesiology - Alzahra Hospital- Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht , Farzi, Farnoush Anesthesiology Research Center - Department of Anesthesiology - Alzahra Hospital- Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht , Biazar, Gelareh Anesthesiology Research Center - Department of Anesthesiology - Alzahra Hospital- Guilan University of Medical Sciences , Rasht , Atrkarroushan, Zahra Department of Statistic - Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht , Sabet Khadem, Nazanin Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht
Abstract :
Background: Pediatric patients feel significant fear and anxiety when undergoing surgeries.
The ideal drug and its administration route have not been found yet. The aim of this study
was to compare the efficacy and safety of intranasal (IN) ketamine and midazolam as
premedication in children.
Methods: We studied 71 eligible pediatric patients undergoing elective urologic surgeries,
aged 2 to 6 years. The degree of sedation and separation scores was compared between the
two groups. Additionally, hemodynamic parameters, before premedication, after induction
of anesthesia, and during surgery were documented and compared between two groups.
Postoperatively, any side effect was recorded as well.
Results: Finally, the data from 71 children were analyzed. Recovery time was significantly
longer in group K (ketamine) compared to group M (midazolam); 27.86±4.42 vs 38.19±
6.67 minutes respectively (P=0.01). No significant difference was observed in terms of
sedation score between two groups of K & M; 3.29±0.78 vs 3 ±0.71 respectively (P=0.17),
and not regarding separation score; 2.51±0.61 & 2.31±0.52 respectively (P=0.01). Vital
signs were kept within the physiological limits in both groups with no marked fluctuations.
Conclusion: To produce sedation in young children, both midazolam and ketamine were
effective and safe by IN route
Keywords :
Ketamine , Midazolam , Intranasal , Pediatrics , Sedation
