Author/Authors :
Ghodsi, Alireza Student Research Committee - Faculty of Medicine - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mahmoudabadi, Elnaz Student Research Committee - Faculty of Medicine - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Ghahremani, Sara Department of Pediatrics - Faculty of Medicine - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Malek, Abdolreza Department of Pediatrics - Faculty of Medicine - Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Abstract :
Context: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is an emerging condition after the spread of the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, termed COVID-19. This study aimed to describe the cardiac manifestations
of children diagnosed with MIS-C.
Evidence Acquisition: This narrative review was conducted by searching the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to
review MIS-C cardiac manifestations up to September 30, 2020. The demographic features, past medical history, clinical signs and
symptoms, cardiac involvement, and the type of COVID-19 diagnosis confirmation were extracted.
Results: In many children, MIS-C seems to be a post-infectious complication of the COVID-19 infection. This syndrome affects multiple
organs and has various clinical manifestations mimicking Kawasaki disease. Patients frequently present with persistent fever,
kidney injury, gastrointestinal (GI) problems, neurologic symptoms, mucosal changes, conjunctivitis, and cardiac involvement.
Children with MIS are more likely to present with hypotension, shock, and cardiac dysfunction, rather than coronary artery abnormalities
and arrhythmia. Children with MIS need close observation; some need to be hospitalized, and a few may need a Pediatric
Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admission. Treatment currently includes anticoagulants, IV immunoglobulin, and anti-inflammatory
drugs.
Conclusions: As a novel syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, MIS-C is potentially lethal. Cardiac manifestations, including
coronary and myocardial involvement, are common and should be carefully identified. With prompt diagnosis and proper
treatment, most children will survive, but the outcomes of the disease are unknown, so long-term follow-ups are required.
Keywords :
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children , COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Cardiac Involvement