Combination of auraptene and arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis and cellular accumulation in the subG1 phase in adult T-cell leukemia cells

Despite advances in the treatment of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), the survival rate of this malignancy remains significantly low. Auraptene (AUR) is a natural coumarin with broad-spectrum anticancer activities. To introduce a more effective therapeutic strategy for ATLL, we investigated the combinatorial effects of AUR and arsenic trioxide (ATO) on MT-2 cells. Materials and Methods: The cells were treated with different concentrations of AUR for 24, 48, and 72 hr, and viability was measured by alamarBlue assay. Then, the combination of AUR (20 μg/ml) and ATO (3 μg/ml) was administrated and the cell cycle was analyzed by PI staining followed by flow cytometry analysis. In addition, the expression of NF-κB (REL-A), CD44, c-MYC, and BMI-1 was evaluated via qPCR. Results: Assessment of cell viability revealed increased toxicity of AUR and ATO when used in combination. Our findings were confirmed by accumulation of cells in the sub G1 phase of the cell cycle and significant down-regulation of NF-κB (REL-A), CD44, c-MYC, and BMI-1. Conclusion: Obtained findings suggest that combinatorial use of AUR and ATO could be considered for designing novel chemotherapy regimens for ATLL.