Transport of MHD nano uid in a stratifed medium containing gyrotactic microorganisms due to a stretching sheet

The present study aims to present an elaborated evaluation of stratiffed magne-tohydrodynamics (MHD) Jeffrey nano uid ow towards a stretching surface in the presence of gyrotactic micro-organisms. The ow was analyzed by considering viscous dissipation, Brownian motion, Joule heating, and thermophoresis as well as assuming the thermal, solutal, and motile density stratiffcation aspects. The governing nonlinear system of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) that controls the ow was turned into a group of nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) using appropriate similarity transformation and later, they were numerically solved through Keller-box approach and algebraic software Matlab. The effects of different parameters on the uid motion, heat, mass, density of the motile micro-organisms, local skin friction, local Nusselt number, local Sherwood number, and local density number of the motile micro-organisms were also evaluated using graphs and tables. The results indicated that the density of motile micro-organisms was a decreasing function of the bioconvection Lewis number, bioconvection Pecket number, and microorganisms' concentration difference. The Sherwood number and density rate of motile micro-organisms were higher in the case of magnetic parameter and Lewis number.