Cytotoxic Effect of Biebersteinia multifida Alcoholic Extracts on MCF-7, HeLa, and A2780 Cell Lines

Conventional cancer treatments are costly and have different serious side effects for patients. Natural herbal treatments are widely accepted among people because of their minimal side effects, although there is little scientific knowledge about them. One of these remedies utilizes the root of Biebersteinia multifidi that has been used for years in Iran to treat different chronic genital diseases. The current study examined the effects of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of B. multifida (induction of necrosis and apoptosis) on breast cancer (MCF- 7), ovarian cancer (A2780), and human cervix cancer (HeLa) cell lines in comparison with normal breast cells. These effects were determined to be morphological alterations in cell light microscopy, by flow cytometry (staining with annexin V and propidium iodide), and by measuring live cells and inhibition concentrations by MTT assay. IC50 of B. multifida on the MCF-7 cell line (methanolic extract) was 400 μg/ml and for A2780 was 250 μg/ml. The IC50 amount of B. multifida on the MCF-7 cell line (ethanolic extract) was 750 μg/ml and 1500 for A2780. Results demonstrated that apoptosis and necrosis occurred in MCF-7 and A2780 following the addition of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of B. multifida to the medium. These findings confirmed the anticancer effects of mehthanolic extracts of Biebersteinia multifida root and its safety for normal cells; thus, it can be applied in cancer therapy as a novel medication.