Study of Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Eimeria sp., in Camelsin Turkestan Region

Coccidiosis is one of the most pathogenic intestinal diseases caused by different species of Eimeria spp. (Phylum:Apicomplexa), that cause important economic losses to the livestock industry. Given the importance of camel breeding and its products in the regional economy, in this study the risk factors of prevalence of camels Coccidiosis in the Turkestan region of Republic of Kazakhstan was investigated by oocyte excretion monitoring in the herd. The results revealed that the prevalence of Eimeria sp, was136 (42.5%); and three types of Eimeria spp. were identified: Eimeriabactriani, Eimeriacameli, Eimeria dromedarii. The statistical analysisdemonstratedthat the prevalence and intensity of infection in camel ≤1-year-old were 65.5% and 149.2 respectively, and they were more likely to be infected with Eimeria spp. compared with adult camels (22.5%, 5.7), (pvalue≤0.05). Another probable risk factor is seasons of the year as it seems the high and low prevalence andinfection intensityare observed in summer (60%, 102.1) and winter (20.6%, 21.25), respectively. Multivariate analysis of our data revealed that age and season were significant risk factors (p< 0.005) and adoption of hygienic measures and husbandry practice are needed among the high risk groups(in young camel and summer season) to minimize, control and prevent spreadof the infection.