Gallium-68-Labeled Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (68Ga-PSMA) Uptake in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report

Gallium-68-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (68Ga-PSMA), as a relatively new positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer, can be used to evaluate tumors other than prostate cancer, including renal cell carcinoma and probably non-small cell lung cancer, as discussed in our case. We present the case of a 65-year-old man with a history of lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed in 2015 and a subsequent diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma in 2018, treated with a right lower lobectomy and a left partial nephrectomy, respectively. Both conditions were evaluated using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) scan before surgery. A rise in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was detected in the follow-up in September 2020, and the patient was referred for a 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan following pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan demonstrated avid lesions in both lung and kidney surgical beds. The 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan can be potentially used in patients with recurrent renal cell carcinoma to detect metastasis. This modality may also detect non-small cell lung cancer lesions; however, further investigation is needed.