Dietary Intake of Macro- and Micro-nutrients in children: Comparison with Reference Values

Background: One of the most important factors in maintaining and improving children s health is the quality of diet. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the micro and macro nutrient intakes in children aged less than five years old with malnutrition. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 75 under-five children referring to the primary health care center in Taft, Iran. The children were classified into two groups by nutritional status according to a variety of anthropometric indicators. Food intake was assessed using 24-hour food recalls and then was compared to the recommended daily amount (RDA). Anthropometric measures of age, height/length, weight and head circumference measurements were obtained and compared with reference anthropometric indices to assess nutritional status. Results: The subjects consisted of 41 boys and 34 girls who were 36 (48%) in the malnourished group and 39 (52%) in another group. The dietary intake of micronutrients was evaluated; only calcium, iron, zinc, and folate intake were significantly lower than the RDA. (P 0. 05). The intake of macronutrients was above recommendations and energy intake was at the appropriate level. Conclusion: The findings of the study indicated an appropriate level of macronutrients intake in the target group and the problem was mainly in the consumption of micronutrients. Based on the results we recommended planning for nutrition education program.