Inhibition of biofilm formation by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus warneri using Citrus limon oil

Methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus warneri (MR-CoNS) is the major source of infective diseases because of its capacity to form biofilm inhabiting the hospital environments or community to regulate the sensitivity of S. warneri to lemon oil and also examination of the anti-biofilm activity. Five isolates were taken from urinary tract infection and skin burns, tested by the VITEK-2 compact system (AST and ID) to confirm S. warneri. The diagnosis result showed one isolate due to S. warneri. The susceptibility of S. warneri to the formation of the biofilm was investigated in the presence and absence of glucose, exhibiting greater ability to form the biofilm in its presence. Penicillin G and Mixofloxacin were examined with the concentrations of MIC, sub-MIC and sub-sub-MIC, used to inhibit the formation of biofilm. The synergism activity was tested between lemon oil, penicillin G and moxifloxacin. The result displayed that a synergistic actvitity between the two antibiotics and lemon oil was the most efficient to prevent biofilm formation.