Author/Authors :
NEZAMZADEH-EZHIYEH, Hossein Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran , MIRHENDI, Hossein Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology - School of Medicine - Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Isfahan, Iran , JAFARI, Reza School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran , VEYSI, Arshad Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences - Sanandaj, Iran , RASSI, Yavar Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran , OSHAGHI, Mohammad Ali Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran , ARANDIAN, Mohammad Hossein School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran , ABDOLI, Hamid School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran , BAHRAMI, Samad Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Isfahan, Iran , ZAHRAEI RAMAZANI, Ali Reza Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran , FADAEI, Reza Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran , RAMAZANPOOR, Javad Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran , FARSI, Mehdi Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Isfahan, Iran , AMINIAN, Kurosh Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Isfahan, Iran , SAEIDI, Zahra Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran , YAGHOOBI–ERSHADI, Mohammad Reza Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran , AKHAVAN, Amir Ahmad Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control - School of Public Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran
Abstract :
Background: Leishmaniasis is an expanding neglected tropical disease in the world reporting from 98 countries in-cluding Iran. This study focused on eco-epidemiological determinants of the disease following a rapid and unexpected increase of leishmaniasis incidence in a strategic residential district in North-East of Isfahan County, Iran. Methods: This study was accomplished from Apr 2012 to Jan 2014 in a strategic residential zone in North-East of Isfahan County, Esfahan, Iran. Monthly activity, parity, Leishmania infection and susceptibility tests, were determined on sand flies. Some portion of inhabitants and school children were surveyed to find active or passive cases of leish-maniasis and also wild rodents were collected to determine reservoir host.
Results: Totally 5223 sand flies belonging to Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia genus were collected and identified; Ph. papa-tasi was the dominant species and started to appear in May and disappeared in Oct. The majority of living dissected sand flies were unfed and parous. Ph. papatasi showed 4.6% Leishmania infection through direct examination and 39.54% by nested-PCR respectively. Phlebotomus papatasi was susceptible against deltametrin 0.05%. Totally 2149 people were surveyed and incidence and prevalence of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis estimated as 45.39 and 314.40 per 1000 population. Rodents showed 73.91% and 80% Leishmania infection by direct examination and nested-PCR respectively.
Conclusion: Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to L. major has been established in this area. Rodent control operation and personal protection are highly recommended to control the disease in this focus.
