Penggabungan Konsep 5S dan 3R untuk Menambahbaik Prestasi Alam Sekitar Syarikat Pembuatan PKS ke Arah Pembangunan Lestari

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing sector play an important role in global economic development and environmental pollution. Currently, the concept of green that considers the importance of the preservation of the environment in management practices is increasingly becoming a priority for manufacturing companies to achieve competitiveness. However, SMEs have difficulty in adopting the existing approaches because of resource constraints. This paper proposes a conceptual framework of green practice (GP) through the integration of 5S and 3R to meet the needs of manufacturing SMEs in Malaysia. Previous studies show that 5S practices significantly improve firm performance without requiring a large investment. The activities of 3R are the basis for GP, and they can be implemented by SMEs to reduce environmental impact. This paper also presents several propositions on the integration of the 5S and 3R concept. The integration is focused on manufacturing and support operations to assist SMEs in improving their operational and environmental performance toward sustainable development, giving them competitive advantage.