Efficacy of Potassium Citrate Solution in Treatment of Renal Microlithiasis in Children One Month to Fifteen Years Old

Background and Aim: The present study was conducted to determine the efficacy of potassium citrate solution in the treatment of renal microlithiasis in children one month to fifteen years old in Shahrekord Pediatric Nephrology Clinic. Methods: Sixty children aged 1 month to 15 years presenting to Shahrekord Pediatric Nephrology Clinic with one or two renal microlithiasis measuring less than 3 mm in size on ultrasound were included in this clinical trial study. Available sampling was used to select the participants. The children were randomly divided into two groups of placebo (water) and potassium citrate solution. After three months, the number and size of the stones and the stone outcome were recorded in both groups and analyzed using the SPSS software and appropriate statistical tests. Results: Thirty-four children were boys (56.7%) and 26 were girls (43.3%) with a mean age of 61.62± 47.54 months. Three months after the intervention, the mean number and size of microlithiasis decrease significantly in both groups (P <0.001). Although the decrease was larger in the group receiving potassium citrate than the placebo group, the difference was not statistically significant (p<0.05). In addition, the outcome of the renal microlithiasis was similar in both groups with no significant differences (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that potassium citrate solution had no effect on the treatment of one or two renal microlithiasis in children and the use of supportive therapy is still sufficient in these patients.