Job Crafting and the Role of Self-efficacy and Engagement in the Academic Jobs

Introduction: Job crafting is the process of making proactive changes in the boundaries composing a job, which are known as mental fences that individuals adopt to define their job’s physical, emotional, or cognitive limitations. Job crafting considers the change in the nature of jobs, whether realistically in the form of task crafting and relational crafting, or as cognitive perceptions. In this study, the role of self-efficacy as the antecedent and work engagement as the consequence of job crafting was studied. Methods: The jobs were academic and the sample was selected from faculty members of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The research questionnaires were distributed among faculty members of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. A PLS model is analyzed and interpreted in two stages: the assessment of the reliability and validity of the measurement model, and the assessment of the structural model. Results: The results showed that self-efficacy was positively related to all dimensions of job crafting. Moreover, the triple dimensions of job crafting had a significant positive effect on work engagement. The moderating role of gender and academic level in the relationship between self-efficacy and work engagement was confirmed. However, the results showed that gender did not moderate the relationship between self-efficacy and task crafting. Conclusion: The main novelty of this research is the study of job crafting, self-efficacy and engagement variables considering the moderating role of gender and academic level.