The Correlation between Selenium-Dependent Glutathione Peroxidase Activity and Oxidant/Antioxidant Balance in Sera of Diabetic Patients with Nephropathy

Background: Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radical's production and the body's ability to counteract or detoxify their harmful effects through neutralization by antioxidants, oxidative stress is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. One of the key enzymatic antioxidants is glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which plays an important protective function in diabetes complications, by reducing the rising state of oxidative stress and removing toxicity from peroxides and converting them into a non-toxic substance. The objective of this research was to evaluate the rule of glutathione peroxidase in regulate oxidants/antioxidants levels diabetic patients with nephropathy. Methods: In a case-control study, we assessed serum GPx activity (Se-Dependent, non-selenium dependent and total GPx), total oxidant, lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant, and catalase in healthy control subjects (group 1), in diabetic patients without diabetic nephropathy (group 2) and diabetic patients with nephropathy (group 3). Results: GPx activity was significantly lower in T2D patients with and without nephropathy compared to healthy subject’s control. Total oxidants and lipids peroxidation have a negative correlation with the GPx and other antioxidants. Conclusions: Decreased GPx activity indicate a relationship between GPx activity and diabetic nephropathy.