Effectiveness of Schein’s Theory Based Counseling and Constructivism-based Training Approach on Protean Career Orientation

Objective: In a world where the phenomenon of job loss is rapidly spreading, the desire to continuously invest in a protean career orientation is essential for it leads to saving human, social, and psychological capital. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of Schein’s theory-based counseling and constructivist counseling on the orientation of protean career orientations of contract employees of an industrial company. Methods: The current research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The participants of the present study included all contract employees of an industrial company, 36 of whom were selected by random sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (12 people in each group). The experimental groups underwent Schein’s theory-based counseling and constructivism-based training for 8 sessions per week. The data were collected using the various career attitude questionnaire and were analyzed by analysis of covariance and the Bonferroni pairwise comparison test. Results: The findings showed that Schein’s theory-based counseling and the training based on the constructivist approach are effective in shaping various career orientations of contract employees. Also, there is no significant difference between the two types of intervention. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, both types of training, depending on the situation, can be used by organizations and industries to increase the orientation of various career orientations of employees.