Awareness and Knowledge About Kidney Transplantation: A Reflection on the Current State Among Iranian Patients with End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Treated by Dialysis

Introduction. Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice in the majority of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. However, most of the incident ESRD patients are not given the necessary information regarding kidney transplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate awareness and knowledge about kidney transplantation in ESRD patients who were on dialysis. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 300 ESRD patients who underwent hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis and could be eligible for kidney transplant, were included. A questionnaire with 15 multiple choice questions (MCQs) was designed to collect the data. SPSS version 16 was used for data analysis and a P value less than .05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Two hundred thirty- four patients participated in the study (response rate of 78%). Among them 58.1% were male with the mean age (SD) of 52.5 (12.1) years. The majority of the patients (94.0%) were on hemodialysis. About 87.6% wanted to receive kidney transplant; but despite the desire of the patients, this method was initially offered to about 11.5 % of the patients as a possible method of renal replacement therapy. Patients who had desire to receive kidney transplantation were significantly younger, male, married, employed, and had high level of education (P < .05). Conclusion. Although most of the patients wanted to receive a kidney transplant, it was initially offered to a small population. Age, gender, marital status, employment condition, and level of education were significant factors for the patient’s tendency to receive a kidney transplant.