Comparison of food intake groups, dietary oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and their relationship with atherogenic indices of plasma in patients with metabolic syndrome and healthy individuals

The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome on the one hand and its relationship with other chronic non-communicable diseases on the other hand has led to many studies to investigate the causes of metabolic syndrome or its components. This study was a case-control study that was performed on 160 men and women (80 individuals with metabolic syndrome and 80 healthy individuals) with a mean age of 47.8 years. In this study, demographic questionnaires, 147-item feed frequency, anthropometric and body composition information, blood pressure, and a fasting blood sample were taken from all subjects. All data were analyzed using SPSS software. People with metabolic syndrome had higher intakes of cereals, offal, fruits, oils, and snacks, and the differences were significant. Also, the mean atherogenic plasma index (AIP), cardiac risk ratio, and atherogenic coefficient (AC) in the group of patients with metabolic syndrome were higher significant than in the patients. However, there was no significant difference between the ORAC diet in the healthy and affected groups. There was also no association between dietary ORAC and AIP. Among the food groups, only nuts and viscera were not associated with the ORAC diet, but more food groups such as legumes, meats, fast foods, vegetables, spices, nuts, tea, coffee, and sugars were not associated with AIP. The results also showed that according to AIP values, 71.3% of healthy people are at risk of developing metabolic syndrome. According to the results, it seems that indicators related to the quality of dietary fat have an effective role in the development of metabolic syndrome and its components. However, the ORAC index did not have a significant effect on the development of the metabolic syndrome and its components and was associated only with the intake of many food groups.