Synthesis and Characterization of New Substituted Coumarin Derivatives and Study Their Biological Activity

New substituted coumarins derivatives were synthesized by using nitration reaction to produce different nitro coumarin isomers which were separated from these isomers by using different solvent, and the reduction of nitro compounds was done to give corresponding amino coumarins. Temperature and reaction time of reaction were very important factors in determining the most productive nitro isotopes. A low temperature for three hours was sufficient to give a high product of a compound 6- nitro coumarin while increasing the temperature for a period of twenty-four hours that gave a high product of 8-nitro-coumarin. The synthesized compounds were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy and all final compounds were tested for their antifungal and antibacterial activity. Some of them showed more biological activity than the standard drugs. Some synthesized compounds showed a variation in their anti-oxidant activities according to IC50 values. Some of these compounds had a very good antioxidant compared with ascorbic acid as a standard.