Did Iranians change their eating behavior following COVID‑19 outbreak?

Background: Significant lifestyle changes have been reported after COVID‑19 outbreak. The present study aimed at investigating changes in dietary habits in response to the COVID‑19 outbreak in an Iranian population sample. Materials and Methods: In this cross‑sectional study, the dietary habits of Iranian adults were assessed before and during the COVID‑19 outbreak. Consumption of different food groups such as meats, dairy, fruits, vegetables, seeds, and nuts was assessed using a digital questionnaire which was shared on social media platforms. For the statistical analysis, the Wilcoxon signed‑rank test was used. Results: In this online survey, 1553 questionnaires were completed. The results showed that the reported consumption of protein‑rich foods increased (P < 0.05), but fish and dairy consumption showed a significant reduction (P = 0.006 and <0.001, respectively). There was a significant reduction in reported fast‑food consumption (P < 0.001). Fruits and vegetables (P < 0.001), natural fruit juices (P < 0.001), and water (P < 0.001) were consumed more frequently. Individuals also consumed more vitamin and mineral supplements (P < 0.001) including those containing Vitamin D. Conclusion: During the COVID‑19 pandemic, participants reported a significant change in their dietary habits and intake of supplements. Higher intakes of meats, protein‑rich foods, fruits, vegetables, and nutritional supplements and lower intakes of fish, dairy, and fast foods were reported.