Author/Authors :
Sadeq AL-Ethari, A Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques - Faculty of Medical and Health Techniques - University of Alkafeel - Najaf, Iraq , Hayder Hasan, T Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques - Faculty of Medical and Health Techniques - University of Alkafeel - Najaf, Iraq , Abbas Tikki, K Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques - Faculty of Medical and Health Techniques - University of Alkafeel - Najaf, Iraq , Sabah Bustani, G College of Dentistry - Islamic University - Najaf, Iraq
Abstract :
The urinary tract infection (UTI) is a prevalent infection that affects people of all ages. Bacterial agents are the
most common causes of UTIs. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and other
staphylococcal species, Citrobacter freundii and Citrobacter koseri (C. koseri) account for a smaller number of
infections. These pathogens are transported into the urinary tract from the colonic biotope into dysbacteriosis.
Urine samples were randomly collected from 249 outpatients who were suspected of having UTIs. After genital
cleaning, 10 mL of urine specimens were collected in a sterilized bowel. Then, the specimens were centrifuged
at 2,000 rpm for 5 min and the residue was aerobically incubated with the broth infusion of brain flasks at 37°C
for 24 h and then applied with a sterile ring onto blood agar plates and MacConkey agar (OxoidTM). Out of 249
urine samples, the results proved that there were 176 (70.7%) and 51(20.5%) gram-negative and gram-positive
bacteria isolates, respectively. However, the results demonstrated that there were 22 (8.8%) urine samples with
no growth. In addition, the results showed that eight various antimicrobials are used to treat C. koseri. In the
current study, C. koseri was treated with eight different antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial resistance rate
for 7 isolates against Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, and Levofloxacin was high for 6 (85.71%)
isolates. The results indicated that 6 and 5 isolates had 85.71% and 71.42% antimicrobial resistance against
Ceftazidime and Levofloxacin, respectively. Whereas Gentamicin showed a moderate rate of resistance (4
isolates, 57.14%), and Amikacin resistance was found in 5 isolates, accounting for 28.57%. The bacterial
isolates had a high susceptibility rate to Imipenem. The qnrA gene was found in 6 (85.71%) isolates. However,
the recorded data demonstrated that there is no isolate carrying the qnrC gene. Among all pathogenic bacteria,
C. koseri was the lowest causative agent of UTI in this study and was highly resistant to most antimicrobials
except Imipenem, which was a good antibiotic with 100% sensitivity.
Keywords :
UTI , Citrobacter koseri , Bacterial agents , Antimicrobials
